Hi Sharon, it's tough to nail down an exact formula for incorporating mashed potatoes, since their water content can vary quite a bit. As a very basic starting place, your brother might try using 3/4 cup mashed potatoes, reducing the flour by 1/4 cup, and starting with just 50% of the liquid called for in the recipe, adding more liquid as needed until he reaches the desired dough consistency. Potato water is easier, as it can be used as a straight sub for the water called for. Adding potato flour is another easy option. Substitute potato flour 1:1 by volume, for up to 1/4 cup of the all-purpose, whole wheat, or bread flour called for in the recipe. Hope this helps! Mollie@KAF

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