Wendy, that's a tough one except in the very simplest recipes. You could estimate by pegging 1 cup flour at 4 ounces, and 1 cup sugar at 7 ounces, then doing some math: e.g. to make a recipe using 2 cups of flour 50% sugar, you'd use 4 ounces of sugar, which translates to a generous 1/2 cup. But honestly, this is all a lot easier with a scale, which doesn't have to set you back a lot; I do nearly all my measuring with a scale, in part because cleanup is so easy not having to wash measuring cups and the spoons I'd use to scrape them out. In the meantime, though, if you're randomly reducing sugar or other sweeteners, start small and take notes; if you like the results, eliminate more the next time. Good luck — PJH

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